Please take a few minutes to read this important information prior to registering with Open Studies. We have also answered some frequently asked questions for the registration process on this separate page.
Please remember to send a passport-style photo to the Open Studies office to obtain a student card which gives access to the Library and any websites set up for students of a particular Certficate: openstudies@warwick.ac.uk.
To book using Warwick Learning Account Vouchers (for University of Warwick staff only), click here.
If you do not wish to book online, a downloadable
Registration
Form is available - please print off and
post back to the Open Studies office in the Centre for
Lifelong Learning at the University.
Have you ever wondered how archaeologists know where to dig? This Certificate provides a comprehensive insight into the background processes that are essential to successful fieldwork, considering the range of essential data needed before beginning any major archaeological project. The course provides a comprehensive introduction to the processing, identification and publication of archaeological finds. We will look at different types of finds, how to clean and date them confidently and record the findings. We will also examine archaeological illustration and report writing. There will be the opportunity for students to handle genuine artefacts from the area to assist them in this work.
The certificate will run on the following dates:
Autumn term 2011: Saturday 29th October, Saturday 19th November, Saturday 26th November and Saturday 10th December
Spring term 2012: Saturday 14th January, Saturday 28th January, Saturday 10th March and Saturday 17th March
Summer term 2012: Saturday 28th April, Saturday 12th May, Saturday 26th May and Saturday 9th June
Reference C002 Starts Saturday 29 October 10:00 to 16:00
Venue WT0.05, Westwood Teaching Centre, Westwood Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
The civilisation of ancient Egypt existed for a remarkable 3,500 years. Its achievements in monumental buildings, art and literature still resonate today. This course will explore the key historic periods of the Old Kingdom, Middle Kingdom and New Kingdom and look at an exciting range of primary source material to uncover the changing dynamics of the ancient Egyptian state and the key figures who led it.
Reference C048 Starts Wednesday 19 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue WT1.01 Wetwood Teaching Block, Westwood Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
This certificate considers the English Country House and its visual culture across the centuries. The focus in the first term will be the English Country House of the 17th Century, from the period of Inigo Jones to that of Sir Christopher Wren; in the second term we will explore Hogarth and the English Art World 1688 – 1768, from the accession of William and Mary – traditionally called the Glorious Revolution – to the establishment of the Royal Academy; in the third term we will undertake “virtual tours” of a select group of houses, and we will actually visit two such houses. This part of the certificate will provide an opportunity to focus on houses containing collections that have been accumulated, often by a single family and its successive branches, over the course of several centuries.
Reference C003 Starts Thursday 20 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R1.03, Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
How does local government really work? Learn about the true role of politics at local level: why and how your council tax is applied; the huge turn-around in the way local authorities perform. And the tough challenges faced by communities in an ever-tightening central government regime. This new certificate is taught by a media professional. With input from guest speakers from key organisations.
Have you always wanted to be more business savvy? Perhaps you have ideas for a business you would like to start up, or you may wish to develop or re-position an existing business. Or perhaps you have more time now to read the business pages, and want to know more about how to identify which public companies are winners, and could be worthy of your investment in shares. You may be about to join the job market, and want to identify which organisations make excellent employers. This course will help you understand the business environment, analyse business performance, and develop your own business ideas.
Reference C042 Starts Wednesday 19 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R2.41 Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Are you interested in why children behave the way they do? Would you like to know more about the main influences on their thoughts, feelings, abilities and behaviour? Child psychology aims to introduce key concepts and to develop knowledge in the way that psychologists work. It will also promote an appreciation of ideas, theories and methods in psychology, enabling the development of applicable transferable skills into education, industry, the health profession, counselling and social services.
Reference C004A Starts Monday 17 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R1.13 Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Sorry this certificate is now fully booked
Reference C004B Starts Tuesday 18 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R1.04 Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
This certificate offers participants a foundation of relevant models and practical skills that will equip them to engage in purposeful coaching and mentoring conversations and relationships. It explores the spectrum from directive to non-directive approaches, encouraging participants to identify where they wish to operate in their practice.
The certificate will run on the following dates:
Autumn term: Wednesday 12th October, Wednesday 9th November and Wednesday 7th December 2011
Spring term: Wednesday 11th January, Wednesday 8th February and Wednesday 14th March 2012
Summer term: Wednesday 25th April, Wednesday 23rd May and 13th June 2012
Reference C005 Starts Wednesday 12 October 09:00 to 17:00
Venue WCE0.9a Lifelong Learning Building, Westwood Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Do you want to be a Writer? Are you looking for inspiration? Are you ready to explore your hidden potential? Ready to try anything and everything? This diverse and exciting course will cover everything from memoir to travel writing, from journaling to fiction, from poetry to your personal philosophy, and will help guide you towards your creative future. Tutored by a published fiction and poetry writer and an experienced tutor, Connie Ramsay Bott, who will inspire and support you in your writing journey.
Reference C054 Starts Monday 17 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue WCE0.10, Lifelong Learning Building, Westwood Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Introduction to Creative Writing in Prose, Poetry and Theatre
William Conelly
Full Fee: £300.00 Concession: £200.00
Do you tell stories to family and friends? Children? Grandchildren? Want to tell the world? If you can spare two seminar hours a week, and others for reading, writing and research, here is your opportunity. A short story, 40 lines of poetry, a one act play or three scenes from something longer, we will start you, nudge you along, and help you sculpt a final draft. Is it time?
Have you ever wanted to write good quality short fiction but felt intimidated by a lack of confidence or experience? Would you like to express yourself in writing but do not think you have sufficient knowledge of grammar, sentence construction and vocabulary? Would you like to be able to write stories for your own pleasure and that of others? Creative writing is much more than just storytelling, it is an essential part of self-expression - the better you can write, the more effectively you will communicate. 'This certificate is intended for people who wish to express themselves creatively and/or feel they will benefit from recapping the basics of creative writing, but it is not suitable for absolute beginners. It covers the fundamental elements of writing and reading short fiction and, over the year, allows students to explore their imagination and produce a portfolio of material. 'In recent years the Creative Writing certificate programme has been successful in producing work of publishable quality, and the aim is to guide students towards publication standard wherever possible.
Reference C050 Starts Tuesday 18 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R1.15, Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
This certificate takes you from fresh and exciting “flash fiction” to the short story and on to a themed collection. We will explore the work of contemporary writers, use stimulating writing exercises, a variety of triggers and class discussion. With time and imagination, you will create your own short fiction.
Reference C007 Starts Thursday 20 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R3.41, Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
A new and exciting certificate in life writing: it will give you plenty of ideas to start you off, help you organise your story and develop your writing skills. If you want to write your life story, this course is the one for you. Open to all levels of writers.
Reference C009 Starts Friday 21 October 10:00 to 12:00
Venue WCE0.12, Lifelong Learning Building, Westwood Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Completing a novel can seem more daunting than climbing a mountain. Most would-be writers fail through making the same avoidable mistakes. This certificate shows you how to create strong ideas, 3-D characters and intriguing situations within a clear narrative structure. It also deconstructs the modern novel and demystifies the writing process. Students will complete the first three chapters and a synopsis, with a view to approaching publishers and/or agents. The certificate is open to all serious prospective novelists, but is not recommended for absolute beginners.
Reference C006 Starts Wednesday 19 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R0.14, Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Take the journey into Poetry. This course will give you a general knowledge and appreciation of contemporary poetry, and will develop your own writing skills through discussion, and writing exercises. We will be experimenting with traditional forms and free verse. There is a resurgence in poetry of all types, now is the time to add your voice. Poetry is no longer for the elite it is for everyone. The tutor, Cathy Whittaker was the Warwick Poet Laureate 2008/9.
Reference C049 Starts Monday 17 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R0.12, Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Students will be introduced to the major branches of geology and earth science through seminars, practical hands-on study of rocks, minerals and fossils. Geological maps and local geology will also be considered, with field visits in the summer term. Students will complete their own geological map of the Dassett Hills.
Reference C012 Starts Monday 17 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue WCE0.9a, Lifelong Learning Building, Westwood Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
On this certificate, students will consider the fundamental concepts of ecology and, biodiversity. Man’s influence on it. Examining theoretical principles underlying wildlife conservation, we see how these are used in management of various ecosystems. The ecology of woodlands, streams, ponds, grassland and moths will be investigated by fieldwork and study of research reports. Students need not have prior scientific knowledge, but they should be prepared to debate and discuss scientific ideas and issues in class, to research background material, to use the website, to participate in field work and to produce original work.
Reference C013 Starts Tuesday 18 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue WT0.03 Westwood Teaching Block, Westwood Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
This certificate offers an introduction to the study of the three major branches of English literature: prose faction, poetry and drama. We will consider use of language, style, imagery, characterisation, the role of the narrator and social contexts. There will be a strong emphasis upon intertextuality that is the relationship between different texts.
Reference C014A Starts Thursday 20 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R2.41, Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Reference C014B Starts Saturday 22 October 10:30 to 12:30
Venue Acocks Green Methodist Church Centre, Botteville Road, Birmingham, B27 7YE
"Only a genealogist regards a step backwards as progress." Discovering your family tree can be a great emotional and intellectual journey. This certificate aims to give you the investigative skills and knowledge necessary to pursue independent research into family history. It will look at modern social history and demography in order for you to place the subjects of your research into a context and gain a greater understanding of their lives. Use of the internet is essential for genealogical research today so you will learn about genealogy software, using local and international resources, creating effective queries and using online reference sites.
Reference C029 Starts Wednesday 19 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue WCE0.9b, Lifelong Learning Building, Westwood Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
This certificate offers an introduction to the history, techniques and language of film and is chronologically based. We will begin with the remarkable first years of short narrative films, and continue through to the often dazzling digital effects of the twenty-first century. Film clips of between one and twenty minutes will be used, focussing on some of the key films of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries.
Reference C041 Starts Tuesday 18 October 18:30 to 21:00
Venue R2.41 Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Fine Art Theory and Practice: Life drawing and clay modelling
Tanya Kozin
Full Fee: £360.00 Concession: £240.00
Combine figure drawing with sculpting! Develop your skills in figurative modelling from life in practical sessions. This certificate will provide ample opportunity for those who wish to draw and paint live models in specially arranged sessions and will also give a unique opportunity to develop hands-on skills of figurative sculpture. The sessions will cover drawing techniques, along with those of painting and/or clay modelling depending on your choice. You will be encouraged to take an individual approach and explore different techniques. The aim is to give you the skills and ambition needed to pursue figurative art.
Reference C016 Starts Tuesday 18 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue Music Room 3, Westwood Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Fine Art Theory and Practice: Oil Painting and Acrylics
Sarah Hedley
Full Fee: £360.00 Concession: £240.00
This certificate is an opportunity for students to develop their own style within an art context. There will be a strong emphasis on technical skills leading to communication of ideas and a greater understanding of the processes involved in art exploration. Time devoted to engaging with ideas and to developing a personal style will be of paramount importance. Students will be encouraged to take risks and to experience a variety of materials and ideas.
Reference C039 Starts Wednesday 19 October 10:00 to 12:00
Venue Music Room 3, Westwood Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Fine Art Theory and Practice: Drawing, sculpting, portrait and figure
Tanya Kozin
Full Fee: £360.00 Concession: £240.00
Develop your skills in working from life in practical sessions. Learn portrait as a vital step on the way to capturing the whole human figure. This certificate (designed for all levels of experience) will give you the chance to draw and paint portrait and figure; in the spring term it will offer a unique opportunity to develop hands-on skills of portrait sculpture. The sessions will cover drawing techniques, along with those of painting and sculpting.
You will be encouraged to take an individual approach and explore different media. The aim is to give you the skills and ambition needed to pursue figurative art.
Reference C051 Starts Thursday 20 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue Music Room 3, Westwood Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
This certificate introduces students to analysis of contemporary health issues from a variety of perspectives; particularly the contribution of the social sciences. It looks at controversies around the role of biomedicine in society, and the way that health varies across social groups. A life-cycle approach will examine factors that impact and reinforce good/poor health. People’s sense of wellbeing and control over their daily lives. It will consider the extent to which health; wellbeing and quality of life are becoming important markers of progress as well as economic performance. It will equip students to examine the relevance of biological, social, economic and psychological influences. Social divisions and identities associated with class, ethnicity, religion, gender, sexuality and political status.
Reference C017 Starts Monday 17 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R3.41, Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Since its emergence from the back streets of the South Bronx in the early 1980s hip hop has risen to become the most important global musical art form of the last 25 years. This certificate is a multidisciplinary approach to the study of the genre drawing from the broader fields of history, cultural studies and politics.
Reference C045 Starts Saturday 22 October 10:00 to 12:00
Venue The Drum, 144 Potters Lane, Birmingham, B6 4UU
History is both an art and a science and this certificate will provide the student with the necessary understanding to meet both requirements in their research and studies. You will look at three broad areas central to historical research; the basic skills of studying history, specialisms within the discipline and an examination of case studies. The certificate will also include the opportunity to take part in a local field trip where the group will be guided through the discipline of interpreting history ‘on the ground’.
Reference C018 Starts Monday 17 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R1.15, Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Between 1789 and 1815, the French revolution and the Napoleonic period created a new political template which was to define the ways in which individuals, communities and nations engaged with politics for the rest of the nineteenth century and beyond. This certificate explores modern European history from the French revolution to the present day by charting the ways in which European ‘subjects’ became ‘citizens’ who learned to fight for widening political participation on barricades as well as at the negotiating table.
Reference C019 Starts Tuesday 18 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R1.03 Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Reference C019 Starts Wednesday 19 October 10:00 to 12:00
Venue Acocks Green Methodist Church Centre, Botteville Road, Birmingham, B27 7YE
Journeys into History: Cities and the Collective Memory of Nations in Modern Europe (1789 - 1989)
Angela Jianu
Full Fee: £300.00 Concession £200.00
Why is a woman in a bonnet the symbol of the French Republic? Why did Trotsky disappear from Stalin’s photo album? Does Berlin remember WW2? Why did the Romanians cut a hole in their flag in 1989? You won’t find the full facts on Google. This certificate will answer these questions and tell you why Paris, Rome, Berlin, Madrid and St.Petersburg are not simply popular tourist destinations, but also repositories of national memory and European history.
Reference C055 Starts Thursday 20 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue WT1.05 Westwood Teaching Block, Westwood Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
This certificate is for anyone curious about art history; those who want to deepen their knowledge; and those who are seeking to gain admission to a higher-level course. It builds from a module introducing you to the many fundamental approaches to art history such as iconography and aesthetics; it then progresses to a traditional timeline of art history that allows you to journey through the many styles and movements such as renaissance art and impressionism to the art of our own time. The certificate concludes with a specialised module on the Artist’s Studio, which is considered as a space of painting, art history, art theory, and the family.
Reference C020 Starts Tuesday 18 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R0.14, Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
The human body has fascinated artists for centuries. To the renaissance it was a symbol of beauty and proportion; to the age of Caravaggio and Rembrandt, an object of both artistic and scientific enquiry; and to our times, a metaphor for the fragmented condition of modernity. Aside from meaning, the artistic body can be represented in many different and varied ways: there is the celebration of the nude in such works as Michelangelo’s David; or the strange, disturbing treatment of the human form in Francis Bacon; or even the reduction of the body to abstract elements in Marcel Duchamps’s Bride Stripped Bare. Although this certificate charts the evolution of the artistic body chronologically through the renaissance, baroque and modern eras, it is diverse and wide-ranging in its themes. Topics include the relationship between painting and flesh in the renaissance; forensics and art connoisseurship in baroque Rome; and the disappearance of the body in the era of conceptual art. Comprising three main streams- ‘Seeing the Renaissance Body’, ‘Baroque Anatomies’ and ‘Contemporary Bodies of Art’ the certificate reflects the interdisciplinary nature of the subject. Though grounded in art history, ‘The Body in Art’ will also appeal to those interested in complimentary areas like medicine, biology and cultural studies. Weekly teaching is supplemented by a comprehensive certificate handbook, detailed handouts, audio- visual aids, and an attractive web site containing text, images and videos.
Reference C047 Starts Thursday 20 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R0.14 Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Images of Women in Art and Literature in the 19th Century: The Wise, the Wild and the Wimps
Reba Gibb
Full Fee: £300.00 Concession: £200.00
This certificate is an opportunity to explore three prevailing images of Woman in nineteenth-century Literature and Art: The Wise, the Wimp and the Wicked. What were the legal, social and psychological factors that contributed to these three contrasting but oft recurring images of the feminine in the literature and art of the nineteenth century? How do we respond to those images in the present age? Texts of poems will be provided. All novels are studied through close textual analysis of extracts and comparison with good modern film interpretations of the whole text.
Reference C046 Starts Tuesday 18 October 14:00 to 16:00
Venue F25A, Milburn House, Science Park, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Interpersonal Communication Skills for Professional and Personal Development
Pauline McManus & Jean Bradley
Full Fee: £450.00 Concession: £300.00
We all need interpersonal communication skills in our daily lives, and many individuals need to possess high level skills as an adjunct to their main professional role: skills such as understanding body language, active listening, managing conflict and difficult conversations, dealing with loss and anxiety, change processes. This certificate is relevant for numerous professional roles: teachers, health care personnel, social workers, solicitors and managers. It is likely to be of value both personally and professionally. Whilst practical skills are the main focus of the programme, the theories which underpin skills practice will be considered. Relevant skills practice will be undertaken throughout the certificate.
The certificate will run on the following dates:
Autumn term: Tuesday 25th October, Tuesday 15th November and Tuesday 6th December 2011
Spring term: Tuesday 17th January, Tuesday 7th February and Tuesday 13th March 2012
Summer term: Tuesday 24th April, Tuesday 22nd May and 19th June 2012
Reference C053 Starts Tuesday 25 October 10:00 to 16:30
Venue WA1.22, Avon Building, Westwood Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
This Certificate is an opportunity to explore some of the most beautiful art, architecture, and cities in italy whilst exploring the historic cultures that produced them. Works of art and architecture are studied in relation to the personalities (sometimes scandalous) and the events that produced them, as well as the famous and beautiful Latin and Italian literature (in translation), religion and philosophy, that brought them into being.
Reference C011 Starts Tuesday 18 October 19:00 to 21:00
Journalism is the key to a wide range of careers in newspapers, magazines, on-line publications, television, radio, publicity and public relations. This certificate, run by an experienced media professional, teaches the practical skills of writing for the multi-media, interviewing and broadcasting, as well as the demanding requirements of media law.
Reference C024A Starts Monday 17 October 12:00 to 14:00
Venue R1.13, Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Reference C024B Starts Monday 17 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R1.13, Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
This certificate will look at the relationship between philosophical concepts of nature, society and the individual from ancient Greece to the present day. How are we to understand our relationship to society? Can individuals take responsibility for themselves or do we need social constraints? Are social structures an extension of nature or do they tame it? How do we deal with situations where the right thing to do contradicts the social order? We will address these questions and more with reference to key thinkers in the history of philosophy.
Reference C026 Starts Wednesday 19 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R1.15, Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
What is Modern Western Philosophy? With whom did it begin, and what are its guiding concerns? This certificate aims to answer these questions, beginning by approaching key philosophical traditions of rationalism and empiricism. This will involve engaging with on the one hand Descartes’ turn toward the subject and his influence on the development of European rationalism, and on the other, the empiricist philosophers such as Locke, Berkeley, and Hume. The certificate will then direct its attention towards the German Enlightenment and the influence of Kant on later thinkers. Finally we will complete the course by engaging with two traditions in twentieth century philosophy including the insights of both European and American traditions of thought.
Reference C056 Starts Tuesday 18 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R1.04 Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
An understanding of psychology, the "science of mind and behaviour", can be life enhancing. Our biological, physical, cognitive, emotional and social development influences our adult aspirations, achievements and level of contentment. This certificate will explore, at an appropriate level, all of these dimensions of human existence and is likely to be of value both personally and professionally.
Reference C028A Starts Wednesday 19 October 14:00 to 16:00
Venue WT1.04 Wetwood Teaching Block, Westwood Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
Sorry this certificate is now fully booked
Reference C028B Starts Thursday 20 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue WT1.04, Westwood Teaching Centre, Westwood Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
This Certificate offers a fresh and innovative introduction to Shakespeare Studies. Equally weighted between text and performance, the modules cover a range of key plays, unpacking the texts themselves and their later lives in performance and adaptation. Through close reading and creative exploration, we determine what makes Shakespeare so culturally important. What makes Shakespeare so important? This certificate offers an innovative introduction to Shakespeare Studies, weighted equally between text and performance. Focussing on several key plays and their later lives, we utilise close reading and creative exploration to unpack the issues, themes and techniques that support and challenge Shakespeare's unique cultural role.
Reference C044 Starts Tuesday 18 October 19:00 to 21:00
Sociology is "the science of society" and is of interest to anyone wishing to know more about how societies work. This certificate introduces students to key areas of special interest in sociology, for example the family, education, employment, health and illness, crime and deviance, gender and race. The certificate introduces some of the sociological theories, research methods and social policy developments which have been applied to and influenced various aspects of our lives.
Reference C032 Starts Wednesday 19 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue R3.41, Ramphal Building, Central Campus, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL
'No building is better than its structural foundation, and no man or woman is better than his or her mental foundation.' This certificate explores aspects of sport from a psychological perspective. A range of topics will be studied, covering areas of psychology that have been applied to sport, specific sport psychology theories and concepts. These will include motivation, anxiety and arousal, performance, leadership, coaching, competition and cooperation, group cohesion, and self-confidence. There will also be an opportunity to apply the concepts and techniques covered in a practical setting.
Reference C033 Starts Monday 17 October 19:00 to 21:00
Venue CAPITAL Centre, Milburn House, Milburn Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7HS